^"  , 

The  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin 


A  Synopsis  of  the  Genus 
Chlorotettix 


By 

DW1GHT  M.  DELONG,  M.  SC. 

Instructor  in  Zoology  and  Entomology  in 
The  Ohio  State  University. 


UNIVSRSITTTJFC7TCIFDRNIA 

AT  l.OS  ANGEI.SS 

MAY  1  3  1941 
LIBRARY 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE   UNIVERSITY  AT  COLUMBUS 

Entered  as  second-class  matter  November  17,  1905,  at  the  post-office  at  Columbus,  Ohio, 

under  Act  of  Congress,  July  16, 1894.     Acceptance  for  mailing  at  special  rate 

of  postage  provided  for  in  Section  1103,  Act  of  October  3,  1917. 

Authorized  July  10,  1918. 


The  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin 

VOLUME  XX11I  FEBRUARY,  1919  NUMBER  15 


A  Synopsis  of  the  Genus 
Chlorotettix 


By 

DWIGHT  M.  DELONG,  M.  sc. 

Instructor  in  Zoology  and  Entomology  in 
The  Ohio  State  University. 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  UNIVERSITY 


A  SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  GENUS  CHLOROTETTIX.* 

By  DWIGHT  M.  BELONG,  M.  Sc., 
Instructor  in  Zoology  and  Entomology,  Ohio  State  University. 

(Including  the  descriptions  of  four  new  species  by  Herbert  Osborn.) 

The  Genus  Chlorotettix  is  primarily  North  American  and 
was  founded  in  1892  by  Van  Duzee  (Psyche,  Vol.  6,  p.  306).  At 
that  time  he  included  four  species,  C.  unicolor,  tergatus,  viridius 
and  galbanatus,  the  first  named  being  cited  as  the  type.  Additions 
have  been  made  to  this  number  by  Van  Duzee,  Osborn,  Ball, 
Baker,  Crumb,  Sanders  and  the  author  until  the  genus  com- 
prises thirty-one  species  and  one  variety  which  are  treated  in 
this  paper.  Not  all  of  these  are  North  American,  but  can  be 
included  in  a  survey  of  the  genus.  Two  were  described  from- 
Brazil  (Baker),  one  from  Mexico  (Baker),  one  from  Jamaica  (Van 
Duzee),  one  previously  recorded  and  three  treated  as  new  in  this 
paper  from  Guatemala  (Osborn),  and  the  others  are  primarily 
nearctic  forms,  the  majority  of  which  seem  to  be  distributed  over 
the  Eastern  half  of  the  United  States. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  original  descriptions  of  these 
species  are  scattered  in  numerous  publications,  that  five  species 
and  one  variety  have  been  added  during  the  last  two  years,  and 
several  at  hand  are  undescribed,  it  seems  advisable  to  review  the 
genus,  presenting  drawings  and  descriptions  of  both  known  and 
new  species  and  a  key  for  their  separation.  The  species  described 
as  C.  nacreosa  (Crumb)  does  not  belong  to  the  genus,  apparently, 
so  is  not  included  in  this  survey. 

The  genus  is  closely  allied  to  Thamnotettix,  Eutettix  and  Phlep- 
sius,  but  can  be  separated  from  the  last  two  very  easily  by  the 
entire  absence  of  the  ramose  pigment  lines  on  the  elytra  which 
are  characteristic  of  these  two  genera.  The  members  of  Chloro- 
tettix are  less  easily  distinguished,  however,  from  the  species  of 
Thamnotettix  since  they  have  the  same  wing  venation  and  resem- 
ble them  in  size,  often  in  color  and  general  appearance.  Van 
Duzee  in  separating  these  two  genera  makes  this  distinction  in 
his  original  description  of  the  Genus  Chlorotettix.  "The  head  is 
still  broader,  well  rounded  before  and  of  almost  equal  length 

*Contribution  from  the  Department  of  Zoology  and  Entomology,  Ohio  State 
University,  No.  54. 


101481 


2  SYNOPSIS    OF    THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

across  its  whole  width,  thus  recalling  Idiocerus;  the  ocelli  are 
plainly  visible  from  above;  the  front  is  wide  as  in  Limotettix, 
sides  of  pronotum  of  moderate  length  and  distinctly  carinated; 
elytra  long  with  the  appendix  well  developed,  thin  and  sub- 
hyaline  in  texture  with  the  nervures  indistinct.  This  genus 
includes  insects  larger  than  we  find  jn  other  groups  here  noticed, 
of  a  uniform  green  color  of  some  shade,  occasionally  tinged  with 
fulvous  or  marked  with  black  on  the  tergum." 

But  many  species  which  undoubtedly  belong  in  this  genus  have 
since  been  described,  so  we  find  about  half  the  species  of  Chloro- 
tettix  that  are  now  known,  possessing  a  bluntly  angled  vertex, 
which  is  often  considerably  longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the 
eyes.  Also  the  size  of  the  species  may  vary  greatly,  the  smallest 
known  having  a  length  of  only  3.5  mm.,  although  the  majority  of 
the  species  are  large  (6-8  mm.). 

Fitch's  two  species,  C.  unicolor  and  tergatus,  were  placed  by 
Uhler  in  Grypotes,  an  old  world  genus,  the  members  of  which 
resemble  in  general  appearance  species  of  Chlorotettix.  But  in 
describing  the  Genus  Chlorotettix,  Van  Duzee  has  mentioned  the 
lack  of  the  incurved  clypeus  which  is  characteristic  of  Grypotes 
and  he  places  the  genus  as,  "Closely  related  to  and  intermediate 
between,"  Thamnotettix  and  Limotettix,  the  last  one  mentioned  is 
synonomous  with  Athysanus  Burm.  and  now  known  as  a  subgenus 
of  Euscelis.  It  seems  to  be  then  primarily  a  new  world  or  North 
American  Genus  and  perhaps  an  offshoot  from  Thamnotettix. 

With  few  exceptions  the  species  of  Chlorotettix  have  a  uniform 
green  color,  often  fading  to  dull  yellow  in  preserved  material. 
As  a  rule  the  species  are  easily  recognized  by  this  uniform  color 
together  with  the  rounded  or  bluntly  angled  vertex.  Very  few 
of  these  bear  color  markings  but  when  present  are  in  the  form  of 
bands  or  spots  on  the  head,  pronotum  or  scutellum. 

For  the  separation  of  species  I  have  attempted  to  use  the  most 
prominent  and  constant  characters.  The  comparative  length  of 
the  head  and  the  distinctive  genitalia  of  both  sexes  offer  struc- 
tural characters  easily  discernible  and  very  constant.  Although 
color  is  a  variable  character,  a  few  bright  color  markings  may 
help  to  separate  certain  species  quite  readily  from  those  which 
are  only  of  a  uniform  green. 

The  members  of  this  group  are  practically  all  grass  feeding 
insects  and  consequently  are  of  great  economic  importance, 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  3 

especially  where  they  occur  abundantly.  Some  feed  on  sedges 
and  swamp  grasses,  while  others  are  numerous  in  pastures  and 
meadows,  often  occurring  more  abundantly  on  areas  shaded  by 
trees  and  shrubs.  This  is  no  doubt  due  to  the  fact  that  the  group 
as  a  whole  live  in  moist  locations  and  especially  in  low,  swampy 
fields.  One  species  however,  C.  suturalis  DeLong,  is  an  exception 
as  regards  its  food  plant,  living  entirely  upon  Canebrake 
(Arundinaria  tecta)  where  it  is  abundant,  but  has  not  been  found 
on  any  other  plant. 

In  the  preparation  of  this  paper  I  have  examined  specimens  of 
all  the  described  species  except  those  from  Brazil  and  Jamaica, 
which  are  not  included  in  the  key.  In  making  the  drawings  type 
material  was  used  so  far  as  possible.  I  have  specimens  collected 
at  the  type  locality  and  compared  with  Mr.  Crumb's  types,  also 
have  had  at  hand  specimens  collected  by  Prof.  Osborn  at  Fitch's 
home  and  compared  with  his  types  of  tergat-us  and  uni color.  I 
have  used  material  from  the  Ohio  State  University  collection  and 
the  private  collections  of  Dr.  Herbert  Osborn,  Mr.  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee,  Dr.  E.  D.  Ball  and  Mr.  F.  H.  Lathrop.  Dr.  Osborn's 
collection  containing  many  types  and  records  of  all  parts  of  the 
United  States  and  Guatemala,  Mr.  Lathrop's  collection  of  South 
Carolina  and  Oregon  material,  and  specimens  and  records  from 
Dr.  Ball  and  Mr.  Van  Duzee  have  been  a  valuable  assistance: 
these  together  with  my  own  collection  containing  type  specimens 
from  Wisconsin  and  Tennessee,  and  representatives  of  all  the 
described  nearctic  species  except  three,  have  furnished  an  abun- 
dance of  material. 

To  those  who  have  assisted  with  the  loan  of  material  and 
records  for  distribution,  I  wish  to  express  my  sincere  thanks, 
and  especially  to  Dr.  Osborn  who  has  given  me  access  not  only 
to  his  type  material,  but  also  to  his  private  library,  and  has 
offered  valuable  suggestions  and  assistance  in  the  preparation 
of  this  paper. 

The  following  pages  are  concerned  only  with  the  systematic 
study  of  this  group,  but  a  further  study  has  already  been  under- 
taken and  it  is  planned  to  publish  as  soon  as  possible  the  results, 
dealing  exclusively  with  the  biological  and  ecological  phases  of 
this  subject. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 


Key  to  the  Species  of  Chlorotettix.* 

1.  Vertex  with  anterior  margin  rounded,  usually  broadly  curved,  the  length  at 

middle  equaling  or  slightly  exceeding  length  next  the  eyes 2. 

Anterior  margin  of  vertex  distinctly  but  usually  bluntly  angulate;  at  least 
one- third  longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the  eyes  (except  C.  minimus) ...  14. 

2.  Size  small,  not  exceeding  5  mm.  in  length 3. 

Size  larger,  more  than  6  mm.  in  length 4. 

3.  With  definite  markings,  elytral  suture  and  two  veins  bordering  claval  veins, 

brown lineatus. 

Pale  yellowish  green  without  definite  markings;  length  4  mm.,  female 
segment,  produced  at  middle minor. 

4.  General  color  brownish  or  sordid  green,  usually  very  dark 5. 

General  color  light,  pale  green,  yellowish  or  whitish 6. 

5.  Uniform  sordid  green  without  definite  bands  or  stripes,  often  appearing 

almost  black  in  color tergatus. 

Head  pale  with  a  broad  brown  band  between  the  eyes;  elytra  dark  with  rather 
broad,  pale  nervures.  giving  it  a  striped  appearance necopinus. 

6.  Vertex  or  elytra  with  red  or  dark  markings 7. 

Vertex  and  elytra  greenish  or  yellowish,  unmarked 9. 

7.  Margin  of  vertex  with  a  broad  red  band  between  the  eyes,  elytra  unmarked, 

female  segment  with  a  spatulate  process rugicollis. 

Vertex  without  markings,  elytra  pale  with  darker  stripes 8. 

8.  Vertex  narrower  than  pronotum,  elytra  greenish-white  with  four  longitudinal 

brown  lines,  scutellum  marked  with  brown vittatus. 

Vertex  as  wide  as  pronotum,  elytra  pale  yellowish  green,  a  dull,  three-lobed, 
fuscous  stripe  along  the  suture suluralis. 

9.  Head  subangulate.  body  quite  narrow,  a  cross  nervure  between  the  two 

inner  veins  of  the  clavus occidentalis . 

Head  rounded,  almost  parallel  margined;  body  usually  broad,  inner  veins  of 
clavus  without  a  cross  nervure .10. 

10.  Female  ventral  segment  broadly  notched,  a  broad  spatulate  process  extend- 

ing from  its  apex;  male  plates  long,   gradually  tapering spatulatus. 

Female  segment  notched  but  without  spatulate  process 11. 

11.  Size  large,  7.5  mm.  broad,  female  segment  with  notch  or  incision,  sides  not 

toothed 12. 

Smaller  not  exceeding  7  mm.,  narrower,  female  segment  with  sides  of  notch 
each  bearing  a  lateral  median  tooth 13. 

12.  Female  segment  evenly,  somewhat  concavely  and  rather  deeply  notched, 

male  plates  narrowed  at  half  their  length  then  produced unicolor. 

Female  segment  narrowed  posteriorly,  lobes  strongly  concavely  rounded  to 
median  notch  which  terminates  anteriorly  in  an  incision similis. 

13.  Color  bright  apple  green,  female  segment  with  short,  blunt,  lateral  tooth, 

male  plates  very  short,  broadly  rounded viridius. 

Color  yellowish  green,  female  notch  narrower,  lateral  tooth  more  produced 
and  rounded,  male  plates  long,  gradually  tapering  to  apices curridens. 

14.  Vertex  with  a  distinct,  transverse  band  across  middle  between  the  eyes 15. 

Vertex  without  definite  markings  in  the  form  of  spots  and  bands 17. 

15.  Size  large,  7.5  mm.,  distinctly  reddish  brown  in  color .' lusorius. 

Size  smaller,  not  exceeding  6  mm.  in  length,  color  yellowish  green 16. 

16.  Band  on  vertex  narrow,  scutellum  without  color  markings;  female  segment 

with  well  rounded  notch,  lobes  either  side  broad lobatus. 

Band  broader,  distinct;  basal  angles  of  scutellum  each  with  a  large  black  spot 
which  extends  under  pronotum,  female  segments  with  rather  sharp 
lateral  angles scutellatus. 

17.  Not  exceeding  6.5  mm.  in  length 18. 

Larger,  7  mm.  or  more  in  length 24. 

*The  specimens  of  three  species,  C.  emarginatus  Baker,  breviceps  Baker,  and 
tethys  Van  Duzee,  could  not  be  obtained  so  are  not  included  in  the  key.  The  original 
descriptions  are  quoted  at  the  end  of  this  paper. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 


18.  Vertex  distinctly  angled,  almost  twice  as  long  at  middle  as  next  the  eyes, 

sometimes  conical 19. 

Vertex  more  bluntly  angled,  not  more  than  one-half  longer  at  middle  than 
next  the  eyes 20. 

19.  At  least  5.5  mm.  in  length,  male  valve  sinuate,  apex  notched,  apices  of 

plates  not  produced  in  long  finger-like  processes vividus. 

Length  4.5  mm.,  male  valve  obtusely  rounded,  apices  of  plates  produced  in 
finger-like  processes  as  long  as  plates delta. 

20.  Small,  not  exceeding  5  mm.  in  length 21. 

Larger,  6  mm.  or  more  in  length 22. 

21.  Female  segment  with  a  rather  broad  V-shaped  notch,  lateral  angles  slightly 

produced,  male  plates  broad borealis. 

Female  segment  with  a  very  narrow  notch,  lateral  angles  strongly  produced; 
male  plates  narrow  and  parallel  on  apical  half minimus. 

22.  Female  segment  with  lateral  lobes  broad  and  rounded;  male  valve  broad 

and  obtusely  angled galbanatus. 

Female  segment  with  lateral  lobes  angled  or  angularly  rounded;  male 
valve  narrow,  rounded,  as  long  as  broad 23. 

23.  Vertex  about  one-third  longer  at  middle  than  next  the  eyes,  female  segment 

with  the  sides  of  notch  convexly  rounded vacunus. 

Vertex  longer,  one-half  longer  at  middle  than  next  the  eyes,  sides  of  female 
notch  concavely  rounded distinctus. 

24.  Female  segment  deeply  notched,  bearing  a  spatulate  process  at  its  apex, 

male  valve  short  and  broad,  obtusely  angled balli. 

Female  segment  usually  notched  but  without  a  spatulate  process 25. 

25.  Color  brownish  green,  often  with  a  reddish  brown  tint;  length  7  mm 26. 

Color  greenish  or  yellowish  green,  length  7.5  mm 27. 

26.  Lorae  broad,  well  rounded;  color  reddish  brown,  female  segment  deeply, 

broadly,  concavely  notched,  lateral  angles  sharp irridescens. 

Lorae  narrower,  color  brownish  green,  female  segment  broadly  but  shallowly 
emarginate,  a  minute  notch  and  brown  spot  at  the  center,  male  plates 
short,  bluntly  rounded tunicatus. 

27.  Female  segment  slightly  emarginate  with  a  brown  spot  at  center;  male 

valve  notched  at  middle stolatus. 

Female  segment  black  margined,  with  notch  at  center,  broadly,  shallowly 
emarginate  either  side;  male  valve  rounded,  without  notch nudatus. 


Chlorotettix  lineatus  n.  sp.    O shorn.* 

(Figs.  1:  a,  b.) 

Pale  straw  with  yellow  scutellum  and  venter,  and  faint  brown 
line  on  claval  suture  and  bordering  claval  veins.  Length  cf  5  mm. 

Head  arched;  vertex  short,  rounded  in  front  scarcely  longer  at 
middle  than  next  the  eye;  front  moderately  convex;  pronotum 
with  submarginal  impression  distinct,  striae  faint;  elytra  sub- 
hyaline  on  costal  half,  more  opaque  internally. 

Color:  Light  yellowish,  straw  color,  the  front  somewhat  more 
yellow.  The  central  part  of  the  scutellum  and  the  ventral  seg- 
ments of  abdomen  yellow,  the  elytral  suture  and  the  two  narrow 
lines  bordering  the  claval  veins  faintly  brown. 

*The  species  cumdens,  lobatus  scutellatus  and  lineatus  are  here  described  as  new 
by  Herbert  Osborn.  They  are  included  in  this  paper  in  order  that  it  may  be  made 
as  complete  as  possible  for  the  American  fauna. 


6  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Genitalia:  Male  valve  broad,  short,  rounded  behind,  plates 
long,  border  rounded  slightly  at  base,  narrowed  from  middle  and 
tapering  to  acute  tip:  three  times  as  long  as  the  width  at  base. 

Described  from  one  specimen  taken  at  Los  Amates,  Guate- 
mala, by  Prof.  J.  S.  Hine,  in  Feb.,  1905.  Type  in  Ohio  State 
University  collection. 

Chlorotettix  minor  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  2:  a,  b.) 

Very  small,  the  head  well  rounded,  yellow  with  a  green  tint. 
Length,  3.5-4.  mm. 

Vertex  slightly  longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the  eye,  rounded 
anteriorly,  twice  as  wide  as  long.  Front  a  little  longer  than 
wide.  Pronotum  short,  more  than  twice  as  wide  as  long,  anterior 
margin  broadly  rounding  to  humeral  angles  which  slope  to  the 
concave  posterior  border.  Elytra  hyaline,  through  which  the 
abdomen  is  visible. 

Color:  Dull  yellow  without  definite  markings,  but  tinged 
with  green.  Disc  of  pronotum  darker.  Face  embrowned,  with  a 
median  line  and  faint  indications  of  paler  arcs.  Ovipositor  and  a 
spot  on  the  middle  of  posterior  border  of  last  ventral  segment 
brown. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  two  and  one-half 
times  as  long  as  preceding;  posterior  margin  sinuated  so  as  to  be 
roundingly  produced  at  the  middle,  either  side  of  which  it  is 
shallowly,  broadly  emarginate  to  the  lateral  angles  which  are 
quite  prominent.  Pygofers  stout,  ovipositor  brown.  Male  valve 
very  short,  truncated,  plates  broad  at  base,  long,  gradually 
narrowed  to  produced,  finger-like  apices. 

This  is  the  smallest  species  belonging  to  the  genus  which  has 
been  described,  and  is  distinct  in  size  and  genital  characters  from 
anything  I  have  been  able  to  find.  Described  from  a  male  and 
female  from  Juarez,  Mexico,  and  a  female  from  Brewster  Co., 
Texas.  Type  in  author's  collection,  paratype  in  collection  of 
Dr.  Osborn. 


SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  GENUS  CHLOROTETTIX 


Chlorotettix  tergatus  (Fitch.) 

(Figs.  3:  a,  b,  c.) 

Bythoscopus  tergatus  Fitch,  N.  Y.  Sta.  Cab.,  p.  58,   (1951);  Walker,  Homop.  4,  p. 

1161,  (1852). 

Grypotes  tergatus  Uhler,  Stand.  Hist.,  2.  p.  246,  (1884);  V.  D.,  Psyche,  5,  p.  390,  (1890). 
Athysanus  tergatus  Southwick,  Science,  19,  p.  288,  (1892). 
Chlorotettix  tergatus  V.  D.,  Psyche,  6,  p.  306,  309,  (1892);  Lintner's  9th  Rept  ,  p.  398, 

410,  (1893);  V.  D.,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  21,  p.  304,  (1894);  V.  D.,  Bull.  Buff. 

Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  5,  p.  200,  (1894);  Osb.,  Rept.  Ohio  Acad.  Sci.,  8,  p.  68,  (1900); 

Osb.,  Rept.  N.  Y.  State  Ent.,  20.  p.  538,  (1904);  Wirtner,  Anns.  Car.  Mus.,  3, 

p.  225,  (1904);  Barber,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  33,  p.  535,  (1914);  Osb., 

Maine  Agr.  Exper.  Sta.  Bull.,  238,  p.  144,  (1915);  DeLong,  Tenn.  State  Ent. 

Bull.,  17,  p.  84,  (1916);  Sand.  &  DeL.,  Anns.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  10,  p.  92,  (1917). 

The  original  description  as  given  by  Fitch  is  very  short  and  is 
quoted  here:  "Sordid  green,  immaculate;  elytra  smoky;  tergum 
black;  beneath  greenish  yellow;  tarsi  pale  brown.  Length  0.30. 
On  willows." 

This  species  can  be  best  separated  from  the  others  of  the 
genus  by  a  more  detailed  description.  It  resembles  unicolor  in 
form  and  size,  large,  robust,  but  with  head  narrower,  and  a 
uniform  dark  fulvous  green  color.  Length,  7  mm. 

Vertex  a  little  more 'than  twice  as  wide  as  long,  slightly  longer 
on  the  middle  than  next  the  eye;  anterior  margin  somewhat 
produced,  obtusely  rounded.  Front  a  little  longer  than  broad, 
cheeks  narrow,  clypeus  almost  rectangular. 

Color:  Almost  uniform  sordid  green;  front,  pronotum  and 
scutellum  often  marked  with  yellowish  green.  Elytra  smoky, 
abdomen  and  dorsal  surface  black,  beneath  pale  yellow. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  twice  as  long  as 
preceding,  posterior  margin  with  a  broad,  V-shaped  notch  extend- 
ing half  way  to  the  base,  lateral  lobes  rounded;  py gofers  long, 
almost  equaling  the  ovipositor.  Male  valve  triangular,  apex 
obtusely  rounded,  sides  somewhat  concave  near  base.  Plates 
large,  broad,  covering  py  gofers,  sides  slightly  sinuated,  apices 
broad  and  obtuse;  margins  armed  with  short  spines  and  a  fringe 
of  soft  white  hairs.  Pygofers  produced  superiorly  in  a  prominent 
angle,  and  below  in  a  curved  appendage  enclosing  the  styles. 

Specimens  are  at  hand  which  were  collected  at  Fitch's  home  by 
Prof.  Osborn  and  have  been  compared  with  the  Fitch  types  in 
Albany.  I  have  also  examined  specimens  from  Michigan,  Ohio, 
Tennessee,  Wisconsin,  Illinois,  New  Jersey  and  South  Carolina. 


8  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

In  addition  to  these  states  it  has  been  reported  as  occurring  in 
Pennsylvania,  Iowa,  Washington,  Florida  and  Maine.  These 
records  give  the  species  a  wide  north  and  south  distribution, 
covering  the  eastern  half  of  the  United  States,  and  extending 
across  the  northern  part  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific  oceans. 

Chlorotettix  tergatus  var  melanotus  DeLong. 

Chlorotettix  tergatus  var  melanotus  DeLong,  Tenn.  Sta.  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  84,  (1916). 

Differs  from  typical  tergatus  by  having  a  slightly  more  rounded 
vertex,  a  distinctly  blacker  color,  and  the  plates  of  the  male  are  a 
little  broader  at  the  tip.  Length,  7  mm. 

The  structural  characters  are  very  similar  to  the  preceding, 
except  that  the  vertex  in  the  specimens  at  hand  is  slightly  shorter. 

Color:  Black  in  appearance,  but  in  reality  very  dark  green, 
eyes  black,  light  margined.  Pronotum  with  a  large  black  spot 
behind  each  eye.  Elytra  with  costal  margins  and  apex  smoky 
subhy  aline. 

Genitalia:  Agreeing  with  tergatus  except  that  the  male  plates 
are  a  little  broader  and  more  strongly  rounded. 

The  specimens  which  were  given  this  varietal  ranking  were 
collected  by  the  author  in  Tennessee  during  the  summer  of  1915 
and  are  now  in  the  author's  collection. 

Chlorotettix  necopinus  Van  Duzee. 

(Figs.  4:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  necopina  V.  D.,  Can.  Ent.,  25,  p.  282  (1893);  V.  D.  Trans.  Amer.  Ent. 
Soc.,  21,  p.  304  (1894);  V.  D.,  Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  9,  p.  228  (1908);  Metcalf 
Eli.  Mitch.  Sci.  Soc.,  31,  p.  27,  (1915);  Barber,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 
33,  p.  535  (1914);  DeLong,  Tenn.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  84  (1916). 

Form  and  size  of  tergatus  nearly.  Vertex  with  a  black  trans- 
verse band  between  the  eyes.  Color  above  greenish  testaceous, 
marked  and  clouded  with  brown;  elytra  fuscous  with  strong, 
white  nervures.  Length  7  mm. 

Vertex  curved  on  the  anterior  margin,  slightly  longer  on  middle 
than  next  the  eye,  ocelli  on  margin  almost  touching  eyes.  Pro- 
notum with  anterior  margin  strongly  convex,  side  margins  short, 
concave  posteriorly.  Elytra  long  considerably  exceeding  abdomen. 

Color:  Greenish  testaceous,  vertex  with  a  broad,  transverse, 
blackish  band  on  disc  between  the  eyes.  Beneath  pale  greenish 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  9 

tinged  with  testaceous ;  front  marked  with  ten  pale  arcs,  and  two 
spots  at  base  of  clypeus  brown.  Pronotum  testaceous,  pale  before 
and  on  the  median  line,  either  side  of  which  is  a  brown  cloud,  and 
a  smaller  one  occupies  each  latero-posterior  angle.  Triangular 
spots  in  basal  angles  of  scutellum,  and  a  median  line  with  a  spot 
either  side,  brown.  Elytra  fuscous-brown,  nervures  white.  Wings 
smoky,  irridescent,  nervures  brown. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  thin,  broadly 
and  deeply  cleft  nearly  to  its  base ;  the  incisure  at  its  apex  armed 
with  a  small  blunt  tooth,  the  lateral  lobes  ovate.  Male  valve 
almost  twice  as  long  as  preceding  segment,  rounded  and  slightly 
emarginate  on  either  side;  plates  broad  at  base,  suddenly  con- 
stricted behind  middle,  then  produced,  tips  slightly  divergent. 
Pygofers  large,  fitting  at  apex  to  form  an  oval  opening. 

The  species  is  typically  southern,  and  was  described  from 
specimens  collected  in  Mississippi.  In  addition  to  this  state,  it 
has  been  reported  from  Tennessee,  Kansas,  Florida  and  North 
and  South  Carolina.  I  have  examined  specimens  from  Tennessee 
and  North  Carolina. 

Chlorotettix  rugicollis  Ball. 

(Figs.  5:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  rugicollis  Ball,  Can.  Ent.,  35,  p.  230  (1903);  V.  D.,  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci., 
9,  p.  228  (1908);  Barber,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  33,  p.  535  (1914);  DeLong, 
Term.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  87,  (1916). 

Resembling  spatulatus,  but  with  a  broader  vertex.  Green 
with  a  red  band  on  the  margin  of  the  vertex.  Length  7  mm. 

Vertex  broadly  obtusely  rounding,  but  little  longer  on  middle 
than  next  the  eye,  two  and  one-half  times  wider  than  long,  evenly 
rounding  to  front.  Elytra  rather  long,  the  veins  large  and  distinct. 

Color:  Pale  green,  a  transverse  red  band  on  margin  of  vertex 
and  front,  sometimes  becoming  pale  orange  and  often  extending 
over  the  eyes.  The  elytra  of  the  male  usually  tinged  with  tawny 
brown. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  deeply,  triangularly 
excavated,  with  a  strap-shaped  tooth  similar  to  that  in  spat- 
ulatus. Male  valve  nearly  as  wide  as  the  preceding  segment,  and 
about  half  as  long ;  plates  nearly  flat,  long,  triangular,  the  margins 
sparsely  haired. 


10  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

This  species  was  described  from  specimens  collected  in  Florida, 
New  Jersey  and  Texas.  It  has  also  been  reported  as  occurring  in 
Tennessee  and  South  Carolina.  Although  extensive  collecting 
has  been  done  in  several  of  the  northern  and  western  states  it  has 
not  been  found  to  occur  in  any  of  them,  and  probably  is  restricted 
to  the  south  and  east,  but  no  doubt  is  more  widely  distributed 
than  records  would  indicate. 

Chlorotettix  vittatus   Osborn. 

(Figs.  6:  a,  b,  c.) 
Chlorotettix  mttata  Osb.,  Ohio  Nat.,  9,  p.  465  (1909). 

Greenish  white  with  distinct  fusco-hyaline  lines  on  the  elytra. 
Female  length  to  tip  of  elytra,  7  mm.,  male  6.75  mm. 

Head  scarcely  as  broad  as  pronotum;  vertex  round  in  front, 
scarcely  longer  at  the  middle  than  next  the  eye;  front  narrowed 
apically;  clypeus  widened  at  apex,  loras  elliptical,  rather  narrow, 
gense  with  sinuate  margin.  Pronotum  concave  behind,  elytra 
sub-hyaline,  veins  small  and  indistinct. 

Color:  Pale  greenish  white,  elytra  somewhat  milky  with  two 
slender  oblique  lines  on  clavus  parallel  to  claval  suture  and  two 
on  the  corium  brown.  Scutellum  with  three  rather  broad  longi- 
tudinal stripes  which  extend  forward  on  the  pronotum  and  can 
be  seen  through  the  subhy aline  portion. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  rather  short,  hind 
margin  shallowly  emarginate  with  a  median  and  rather  broad, 
deeper  emargination ;  pygofers  rather  long,  bristled  near  the  tip. 
Male  valve  rounded  behind,  plates  short,  greatly  exceeded  by 
pygofers,  curved  on  outer  borders,  a  few  bristles  near  the  margin. 

The  species  was  described  from  specimens  (types  and  paratypes 
in  Ohio  State  University  collection)  collected  at  Los  Amates, 
Guatemala,  which  is  the  only  record  known. 

Chlorotettix  suturalis  DeLong. 

(Figs.  7:  a,  b,  c.) 
Chlorotettix  suturalis  DeLong,  Tenn.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  85,  (1916). 

Resembling  tergatus  in  size  and  shape,  but  paler,  with  vertex 
slightly  longer,  a  fuscous  stripe  on  elytral  suture,  and  genitalia 
distinct.  Length,  7.5  mm. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS   CHLOROTETTIX  11 

Vertex  a  little  longer  on  middle  than  next  the  eye,  bluntly 
angulate.  Face  gradually,  somewhat  convexly  narrowed  to 
clypeus  which  is  broadest  at  apex.  Pronotum  with  anterior 
margin  strongly  curved  to  half  its  length,  side  margins  very  short, 
posterior  border  emarginate.  Elytra  long,  exceeding  tip  of 
abdomen. 

Color:  Pale  green,  vertex  with  a  median  brown  line  on  posterior 
portion,  ocelli  margined  with  bright  green,  margin  as  seen  from 
above  with  a  darker  blotch  either  side  of  apex,  formed  by  the 
darker  color  of  the  front  extending  on  to  the  vertex.  Pronotum 
with  disc  and  posterior  portion  darker,  basal  angles  of  scutellum 
dark  brown.  Elytra  washed  with  fuscous,  a  dark  fuscous  stripe 
composed  of  three  rather  distinct  lobes,  extending  along  the 
suture.  In  fresh  specimens  the  color  is  bright  with  a  red  tint, 
becoming  dull  in  preserved  material.  Clypeus  and  tarsal  seg- 
ments marked  with  fuscous. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  twice  as  long  as 
preceding,  lateral  angles  rounded,  posterior  margin  broadly, 
deeply  notched,  more  than  half  way  to  base,  the  sides  of  which 
are  dark  brown.  Male  valve  broad,  almost  transverse  and  trun- 
cated posteriorly,  plates  broad  and  long,  convexly  narrowed  to 
rounded  tips,  exceeded  by  pygofers;  a  groove  parallel  to  outer 
margin,  extending  from  base  two- thirds  the  length  of  each  plate. 
Outer  margins  clothed  with  spines. 

The  type  specimens  (author's  collection)  of  this  species  were 
collected  in  Tennessee  from  Canebrake  (Arundinaria  tecta)  where 
they  occur  in  great  numbers,  but  the  species  was  not  collected 
from  any  other  plant.  Although  having  been  reported  only  from 
this  state,  its  distribution  no  doubt  corresponds  with  the  distri- 
bution of  the  food  plant  mentioned.  Paratypes  in  Osborn 
collection. 

Chlorotettix  occidentalis  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  8:  a,  b.) 

Resembling  stolatus,  rather  long  and  narrow,  but  with  the 
vertex  shorter  and  genitalia  distinct.  Length,  7  mm. 

Vertex  subangulate,  almost  one- third  longer  at  middle  than 
next  the  eyes,  more  than  twice  as  wide  as  long;  ocelli  one-third 
the  distance  from  the  eyes  to  apex.  Face  longer  than  broad, 
clypeus  broad,  apex  truncate,  antennal  pits  unusually  deep. 


12  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Pronotum  narrower  than  head,  more  than  half  longer  than  ver- 
tex, twice  as  wide  as  long.  Wings  rather  long  and  narrow,  the 
two  inner  veins  of  the  clavus  joined  by  a  cross  nervure  just 
posterior  to  the  apex  of  the  scutellum. 

Color:  Pale  green,  vertex  and  scutellum  with  a  yellowish  tint; 
wing  nervures  darker  green.  Face  with  several  interrupted  pale 
arcs. 

Genitalia:  Male  valve  shorter  than  last  ventral  segment, 
truncate  posteriorly.  Plates  broad  at  base,  gradually  narrowing 
to  acute  tips,  but  not  produced.  Pygofers  large,  tumid,  forming  a 
keel  where  they  meet  posterior  to  the  plates. 

This  species  is  described  from  a  male  specimen  from  Corvallis, 
Oregon,  kindly  sent  to  me  by  Prof.  A.  L.  Lovett  and  treated  thus 
because  of  its  distinctive  characters  as  compared  to  allied  species. 
It  is  somewhat  intermediate  in  form  between  unicolor  (Fitch), 
and  stolatus  Ball,  but  differs  from  the  former  by  its  long,  slender 
body,  obtusely  angled  head  and  comparatively  narrower  pro- 
notum,  and  from  the  latter  by  the  shorter,  more  obtuse  vertex 
and  the  male  plates  which  are  not  produced  in  long  finger-like 
points.  Type  in  author's  collection. 

Chlorotettix  spatulatus  Osb.  &  Ball. 

(Figs.  9:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  spatulata  Osb.  &  Ball,  Proc.  la.  Acad.  Sci.,  4,  p.  225,  (1896);  Metcalf,  Eli. 
Mitch.  Sci.  Soc.,  31,  p.  27,  (1915);  Barber,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat,  Hist.,  33, 
p.  535,  (1914);  DeLong,  Term.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  86,  (1916);  Sand.  &  DeL., 
Anns.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  10,  p.  92,  (1917). 

Resembling  rugicollis  in  form  and  size  but  without  the  red 
band  on  the  vertex.  Length,  7  mm.,  width,  1.75  mm. 

Vertex  with  margins  parallel,  or  slightly  longer  on  the  middle 
than  next  the  eye,  two  and  one-half  times  wider  than  long,  anterior 
margin  broadly  rounding  to  the  front,  which  narrows  rapidly  to 
the  small  clypeus.  Genae  broad,  rounding  below;  pronotum  one- 
half  longer  than  vertex,  emarginate  behind,  side  margins  short. 
Elytra  broader  than  in  lusorius,  venation  weak. 

Color:  Usually  a  uniform  green,  elytra  subhyaline,  often 
tinged  with  yellow. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  very  long  on  lateral 
margin,  posterior  margin  produced,  broadly  notched,  more  than 
one-half  the  depth  of  the  segment,  apex  of  notch  with  a  spatulate 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS   CHLOROTETTIX  13 

process  which  is  broadened  toward  the  apex,  and  is  two-thirds  the 
length  of  the  notch;  lateral  margin  of  the  segment  rounding  to 
the  acute  lateral  angles.  Male  valve  appearing  as  a  narrow 
margin  to  the  ultimate  segment;  plates  sloping,  broad  at  base, 
slightly  rounding,  acutely  pointed,  exceeded  by  the  pygofers. 

The  species  has  a  wide  distribution  having  been  collected  in 
Iowa  (type)  Colorado,  Nebraska,  Ohio,  Wisconsin,  Tennessee  and 
Florida.  There  are  specimens  at  hand  from  all  the  localities 
except  the  last  one.  Cotypes  are  in  the  collections  of  Dr.  Herbert 
Osborn  and  Dr.  E.  D.  Ball. 


Chlorotettix  unicolor  (Fitch.) 

(Figs.  10:  a,  b,  c.) 

Bythoscopus  unicolor  Fitch,  Homop.   N.  Y.    State   Cab.,   p.   58,    (1851);   Lintner's 

9th  Rept.,  p.  398,  (1893);  Walker,  Homop.,  4,  p.  1161,  (1852). 
Jassus  unicolor  Ubler,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  &  Geog.  Surv.,  3,  p.  511,  (1878);  Prov.  Pet. 

Faune  Ent.  Can.,  3,  p.  286,  (1890). 
Grypotes  unicolor  Uhler,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  2,  p.  246,  (1884);  V.  D.,  Can.  Ent.,  21,  p.  9, 

(1889);  V.  D.,  Psyche,  5,  p.  390,  (1890);  Osb.,  Proc.  la.  Acad.  Sci.,  1,  pt.  2, 

p.  12,  (1892). 

Thamnotettix  unicolor  Harrington,  Ottawa,  Nat.,  4,  p.  32,  (1892).. 
Athysanus  unicolor  South  wick,  Science,  19,  p.  288,  (1890). 
Chlorotettix  unicolor  V.  D.,  Psyche,  6,  p.  306,  308,  (1892);  Lintner's  9th  Rept.,  p.  410, 

(1893);  V.  D.,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  21,  p.  304,  (1894);  V.  D.,  Bull.  Buff. 

Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  5,  p.  200,  (1894);  Gill  &  Bale.  Hemip.  Col.,  p.  103,  (1895);  Osb., 

Rept.  Ohio  Acad.  Sci.,  8,  p.  68,  (1900);  V.  D.,    Can.  Ent.  44,  p.  328,  (1912); 

Osh.,  Maine  Agr.  Exper.  Sta.  Bull.  238,  p.  144,  (1915).;  Sand.  &  DeL.,  Anns. 

Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  10,  p.  92,  (1917). 
Chlorotettix  vanduzei  Bak.,  Can.  Ent.,  30,  p.  219,  (1898). 

According  to  the  original  description  of  unicolor,  it  is,  "Green- 
ish yellow  immaculate;  elytra  hyaline;  length,  0.28.  Taken  on 
flowers  and  goldenrod." 

A  more  detailed  description  will  help  in  the  recognition  of  this 
species.  Resembles  spatulatus  in  size  and  form,  but  female 
genitalia  without  a  spatulate  process.  Length,  7.5  mm. 

Vertex  two  and  one-half  times  as  broad  as  long,  scarcely 
longer  at  the  middle  than  next  the  eye,  anterior  margin  broadly 
rounded.  Front  a  little  longer  than  broad,  width  at  apex  one- 
third  that  at  antennae.  Cheeks  narrow,  but  feebly  angled  below 
the  eyes,  forming  a  very  narrow  margin  beyond  the  lorae.  Clypeus 
about  rectangular.  Pronotum  short  and  very  broad,  anterior 
margin  feebly,  broadly  rounded,  sides  short.  Elytra  long. 


14  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Color:  Almost  uniform  pale  green,  often  washed  with  yellowish. 
Disc  of  pronotum,  basal  angles  and  a  median  notch  on  scutellum 
darker.  Elytra  hyaline,  nervures  often  distinctly  green  in  color. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  long,  with  a 
rather  broad,  shallow  notch,  becoming  narrowed  and  sharper  at 
apex;  the  edge  of  the  lobe  on  either  side  more  or  less  sinuate. 
Male  valve  short  and  broad,  almost  truncated.  Plates  broad  at 
base,  outer  margins  concave  on  apical  half,  apices  moderately 
produced,  subacute,  slightly  divergent ;  a  few  spines  on  margin ; 
pygofers  large,  greatly  exceeding  plates. 

The  species  has  a  distribution  from  coast  to  coast  through  the 
northern  part  of  the  United  States  and  southern  Canada.  It  has 
not  been  recorded  for  a  southern  state.  Specimens  at  hand  from 
Maine,  New  York,  New  Hampshire,  Ohio,  Wisconsin,  Iowa,  Ore- 
gon and  Washington,  seem  to  show  very  clearly  the  distribution. 
In  addition  to  these  states  it  has  been  reported  for  Colorado, 
California,  and  the  southern  border  of  Canada.  I  have  examined 
specimens  in  the  Osborn  collection  which  were  collected  at  Fitch's 
home  and  compared  with  the  types  of  this  species  in  the  Fitch 
collection  at  Albany. 

Chlorotettix  similis  n.  sp. 

Size  and  form  of  unicolor  and  resembling  it  very  closely  in 
general  appearance,  but  with  head  slightly  longer  at  middle,  and 
distinct  genitalia.  Length,  6.5—7.5  mm. 

Vertex  broadly  rounded  as  in  unicolor  but  distinctly  longer  at 
the  middle  than  next  the  eye.  Width  between  the  eyes  more  than 
twice  the  length.  Pronotum  short  and  broad,  more  broadly 
curved  anteriorly  than  the  anterior  margin  of  the  vertex.  Elytra 
as  in  unicolor. 

Color:  Uniform  pale  green,  unmarked;  elytra  greenish, 
hyaline,  nervures  faint  or  indistinct. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  longer  and  narrower 
than  in  unicolor,  more  than  twice  as  long  as  preceding  segment, 
and  convexly  narrowed,  posteriorly,  from  about  the  middle.  The 
posterior  margin  is  composed  of  two  rather  narrow,  strongly 
rounded  lobes,  formed  by  the  median  notch,  the  sides  of  which 
are  convexly  rounded  and,  after  meeting,  often  overlap  along  the 
median  line  of  incision.  This  incision  extends  one- third  of  the 
way  to  the  base.  The  whole  surface  of  the  segment  is  very  rugose 


SYNOPSIS   OF   THE   GENUS   CHLOROTETTIX  15 

and  striated,  the  striae  running  transversely  on  the  anterior  half 
and  longitudinally  on  the  posterior  portion.  Male  plates  similar 
to  unicolor  but  not  strongly  narrowed  nor  produced,  which  gives 
them  a  shorter  appearance. 

Described  from  nine  females  and  three  males  from  Corvallis, 
Oregon,  collected  and  sent  to  me  by  Mr.  F.  H.  Lathrop.  These 
were  received  too  late  to  include  genital  drawings. 

In  the  series  at  hand  the  genitalia  of  the  females  are  very 
distinct  from  unicolor  by  the  convexly  rounded  lobes  which  are 
much  longer  and  narrower  than  the  concavely  rounded  or  sinuate 
lobes  of  that  species. 

Chlorotettix  viridius  Van  Duzee. 

(Figs.  11:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  viridia  V.  D.,  Psyche,  6,  p.  309  (1892);  Weed.  Can.  Ent.,  26,  p.  278,  (1892); 

V.  D.,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  21,  p.  304,  (1894);  Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  8, 

p.  71,  (1907);  Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  9,  p.  228  (1908);  Osb.,  Kept.  N.  Y. 

State  Ent.,  20,  p.  539,  (1892);  Metcalf,  Eli.  Mitch.  Sci.  Soc.,  31,  p.  26,  (1915); 

Barber,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  33,  p.  26,  (1915);  DeLong,  Term.  State 

Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  86,  (1916). 
Athysanus  viridia  Southwick,  Sci.,  19,  p.  288  (1892). 

Form  of  unicolor  and  tergatus,  but  smaller,  apple  green  in  color. 
Length,  6-7  mm. 

Vertex  distinctly  rounded  on  the  anterior  margin,  slightly 
longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the  eye.  Front  broad  and  convex, 
sutures  curved  outward  a  little  below  the  antennas,  clypeus  broad, 
almost  rectangular;  cheeks  unusually  broad,  prominently  angled 
below  the  eyes,  margin  beyond  the  lorae  narrow.  Pronotum  with 
anterior  margin  broadly  curved,  posterior  margin  slightly  sinuate. 

Color:  Apple  green,  connexivum  and  sometimes  the  edge  of  the 
dorsal  segments  washed  with  yellow;  rostrum,  base  of  antennae, 
tarsi,  spines  of  the  posterior  tibiae  and  the  ovipositor,  soiled  white 
or  even  fulvous.  Elytra  vitreous,  slightly  tinged  with  fulvous  in 
the  male,  or  green  in  the  female,  nervures  greenish.  Wings  white, 
iridescent,  nervures  concolorous.  Eyes  dark. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of /the  female  broadly  exca- 
vated from  the  prominent  lateral  angles  almost  to  the  base,  the 
sides  of  this  incisure  interrupted  at  the  middle  by  a  short,  obtuse, 
blackish  tooth.  Py gofers  slightly  exceeding  the  stout  ovipositor. 
Male  valve  short  and  broad,  shorter  than  the  preceding  segment, 
broadly  rounded.  Plates  nearly  rectangular,  transverse,  a  little 


16  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

longer  than  last  ventral  segment,  apices  slightly  produced  and 
divergent,  outer  margin  clothed  with  a  few  short  spines  and  soft 
hairs.  Pygofers  ligulate,  about  twice  as  long  as  the  valve,  whitish 
hyaline  and  thin  in  texture. 

Specimens  are  at  hand  from  Ohio,  New  York,  New  Jersey, 
Mississippi,  Michigan,  Virginia,  Texas,  Louisiana,  North  Carolina, 
South  Carolina  and  Tennessee.  It  has  also  been  reported  for 
Kansas,  Arkansas,  Maryland,  Alabama,  Florida  and  Jamaica. 
The  species  seems  to  be  quite  widely  distributed  throughout  the 
southern,  and  part  of  the  middle  western,  states.  Its  northern 
limit  is  apparently  attained  in  Michigan  and  New  York. 

Chlorotettix  curvidens  n.  sp.  Osborn. 

(Figs.  12:  a,  b,  c.) 

Light  stramineus,  a  darker  arc  on  the  pronotum  and  the 
elytral  veins  whitish.  Excavation  of  the  female  genital  segment 
with  prominent  curved  teeth  on  the  borders.  Length,  9  6.5  mm., 
d1  6.25  mm. 

Head  short,  vertex  rounding,  faintly  angulate  in  front,  scarcely 
longer  at  middle  than  next  the  eye;  front  convex,  narrowing 
sharply  to  the  clypeus;  pronotum  with  a  strongly  curved, 
impressed  arc  on  anterior  third  behind  which  the  surface  is 
faintly  striate.  Elytra  concolorous,  the  veins  faintly  lighter. 

Genitalia:  Female  last  ventral  segment  at  border  nearly  twice 
as  long  as  preceding  the  central  part  deeply  excavated,  an  acute 
notch  reaching  nearly  to  the  base  of  the  segment  and  the  inner 
border  with  a  strong  slightly  curved  tooth  outside  of  which  is  a 
deep  curved  emargination,  the  border  of  which  is  black.  Male 
valve  triangular,  obtusely  angulate  behind,  plates  elongate  tri- 
angular, three  times  as  long  as  width  at  base,  tips  acutely  angular 
slightly  acuminate  and  divergent.  Finely  ciliate  and  with  about 
seven  stronger  spines  on  the  border. 

Described  from  a  number  of  specimens  collected  at  Santa 
Lucia,  Gualan,  and  Los  Amates  Guatemala,  and  San  Pedro,  Hon- 
duras, by  J.  S.  Hine  in  January  and  February,  1905.  Types  and 
paratype  are  in  the  Ohio  State  University  collection. 

This  species  is  about  the  size  of  vittatus  but  slightly  darker 
and  lacks  the  brown  stripes  but  is  most>  positively  separated  by 
the  very  distinct  toothed  excavation  of  the  female  genital  segment. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  17 

Chlorotettix  lusorius  Osb.  &  Ball. 

(Figs.  13:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  lusoria  Osb.  &  Ball,  Proc.  la.  Acad.  Sci.,  4,  p.  226,  (1899);  Osb.,  Rept. 
N.  Y.  State  Ent.,  20,  p.  529,  (1904);  Wirtner,  Hemp.  W.  Pa.,  (Car.  Mus.)  3, 
p.  225,  (1904);  Osb.,  Maine  Agr.  Exper.  Sta.  Bull.,  238,  p.  144,  (1915). 

Form  and  general  appearance  of  tergatus,  but  with  a  sharper 
vertex  and  more  general  reddish  cast.  Length,  7—8  mm. ; 
width,  2  mm. 

Vertex  slightly  convex,  one-half  longer  on  the  middle  than  next 
the  eye,  twice  wider  than  long,  margins  broadly  rounded,  but  with 
a  distinct,  slightly  produced  tip ;  front  one-third  longer  than  wide, 
three  times  wider  at  ocelli  than  on  clypeus.  Pronotum  long,  sides 
long,  strongly  rounding  anteriorly,  posterior  margin  nearly 
truncate.  Elytra  long,  greatly  exceeding  abdomen,  without 
appendix,  first  anti-apical  cell  long,  parallel  margined. 

Color:  Similar  to  necopinus;  vertex  olive  brown,  with  a  faint 
crescentiform  band  before  the  eyes;  pronotum  fulvous  brown, 
scutellum  with  a  quadrate  light  area  on  the  disc,  including  two 
dark  spots;  elytra  subhy aline  with  a  distinct  reddish  tinge, 
nervures  light,  below  tawny  yellow. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  long,  emarginate 
behind,  with  a  strong,  angularly  pointed,  dark  margined,  median 
tooth  half  as  long  as  the  acutely  rounding  lateral  angles.  Male 
valve  short  and  broad,  less  than  half  the  length  of  the  preceding 
segment;  plates  strong,  flat,  one-half  longer  than  breadth  at  base, 
outer  margins  thickened,  sparsely  hairy,  points  strongly  divergent, 
usually  a  fuscous  line  on  either  side  arising  from  a  spot  at 
the  base. 

Type  specimens  (in  Osborn  collection)  are  from  Ames,  Iowa. 
Besides  these  I  have  examined  specimens  from  Ohio,  New  York, 
New  Jersey  and  Wisconsin.  The  species  has  also  been  reported 
for  Pennsylvania,  New  Hampshire,  Colorado  and  Utah. 

Chlorotettix  lobatus  n.  sp.  Osborn. 

'  (Figs.  14:  a,  b.) 

Pallid  straw  color,  elytra  hyaline,  head  slightly  angulate  with 
narrow  transverse  line,  the  female  segment  with  a  deep  notch, 
rounded  near  the  base,  leaving  a  broad,  rounded  lobe  at  each  side. 
Length,  9  6  mm. 


18  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Head  scarcely  wider  than  pronotum,  vertex  subangulate,  about 
one-third  longer  at  middle  than  next  the  eye,  front  tumid,  convex 
in  lateral  view:  pronotum  strongly  arched  in  front,  the  impressed 
line  very  near  its  margin  and  very  faint,  striae  very  faint  and 
irregular. 

Color:  Light  straw,  the  vertex  with  a  narrow  transverse 
slightly  curved  line,  the  median  impressed  line  posteriorly,  and 
two  dots  near  hind  border  brown. 

Genitalia:  Female  ventral  segment  with  a  deep  notch  rounded 
nearly  to  the  base,  the  lateral  part  of  the  segment  forming  a 
broad  lobe  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the  preceding  segment. 

Described  from  a  single  female  specimen  collected  at  Gualan, 
Guatemala,  by  Prof.  J.  S.  Hine,  Jan.  14,  1905.  Type  in  the 
Ohio  State  University  collection. 

Chlorotettix  scutellatus  n.  sp.  Osborn. 

(Figs.  15:  a,  h.) 

Dull  straw  color,  head  obtusely  angulate,  vertex  with  a  diffuse 
dusky  transverse  band,  scutellum  with  an  elongate  dark  spot 
each  side  extending  under  the  border  of  the  pronotum.  Length, 
9  6.3  mm. 

Head  distinctly  wider  than  the  prothorax;  vertex  obtusely 
angulate,  nearly  one-half  longer  at  middle  than  next  the  eye; 
front  slightly  tumid.  Pronotum  with  a  faint  arc  near  the  anterior 
border  behind  which  the  surface  is  distinctly  but  irregularly 
striate. 

Color:  Dull  straw  with  a  dusky  transverse  band  on  the  vertex, 
some  faint  dusky  spots  on  the  front  of  the  pronotum,  two  blackish 
spots  on  the  scutellum  extending  forward  and  showing  through 
the  semi-transparent  border  of  the  pronotum;  elytra  uniform  in 
color  with  pronotum,  and  scutellum  with  faint  dusky  spots 
bordering  the  suture,  veins  whitish;  wing  veins  dusky. 

Genitalia:  Female  last  ventral  segment  deeply  excavated  in  a 
triangular  notch  reaching  two-thirds  the  way  to  the  base,  the 
hind  border  sinuate  produced  (see  figure),  pygofers  long,  widened 
near  base  with  coarse  bristles  on  the  central  part  and  finer  hairs 
at  the  tip. 

Des'cribed  from  a  single  female  specimen  collected  by  the 
author  at  Brownsville,  Texas,  in  February,  1910.  Type  in  Osborn 
collection. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  19 

Chlorotettix  vividus  Crumb. 

(Figs.  16:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  vividus  Crumb,  Anns.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer..  8.  p.  197.  (1915);  DeLong.  Tenn. 
State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  88,  (1916). 

Small,  dull  green  species  slightly  larger  than  minimus  in 
size.  Length,  5.5-6  mm. 

Vertex  convex,  distinctly  angled,  one  and  one-half  times  as 
broad  as  long,  almost  twice  as  long  on  middle  as  next  the  eye ;  the 
margin  thick  excepting  at  the  slightly  conical  apex,  venation 
indistinct. 

Color:  Almost  uniform  brownish  green,  darker  especially  on 
head,  pronotum  and  scutellum;  elytra  subhyaline,  pale  green 
with  a  brownish  tinge,  more  distinct  apically. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  twice  the  length  of 
preceding,  posterior  margin  broadly,  triangularly  notched  half 
way  to  base,  with  an  apical  notch;  lateral  angles  rounded.  Male 
valve  broad,  longer  than  last  ventral  segment,  convexly  sinuated, 
slightly  notched  at  apex;  plates  rather  long,  gradually  narrowed 
three-fourths  their  length,  then  produced  with  edges  almost 
parallel.  Py gofers  equalling  plates,  densely  clothed  with  spines 
apically. 

The  species  was  described  from  Tennessee,  and  has  been 
taken  in  Kansas,  Ohio  and  South  Carolina.  It  occurs  in  Ten- 
nessee in  abundance,  and  will  probably  be  reported  for  other 
states  when  thorough  collecting  is  done.  Type  in  collection  of 
Mr.  S.  E.  Crumb. 

Chlorotettix  delta  Ball. 

Chlorotettix  delta  Ball.  Ent.  News,  27,  p.  205, 1916. 

cf  Size  and  general  appearance  of  tethys  but  with  a  much 
larger  head.  Pale  green  with  a  slight  tawny  cast  towards  the  tips 
of  the  wings.  Length,  4.5  mm. 

Vertex  right  angled,  the  margins  straight,  apex  with  the  front 
sharply  conical,  length  very  slightly  less  than  the  basal  width, 
nearly  equalling  the  pronotum.  Elytra  long  and  narrow  as  in 
lusoria,  giving  a  trim,  wedge-shaped  appearance  to  the  insect. 
Venation  distinct,  regular,  the  nervures  slightly  raised. 


20  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Color:  Pale  green,  eyes  dark,  the  usual  indented  arcuated  line 
on  the  pronotum.  Apex  of  vertex  and  tips  of  elytra  with  traces 
of  tawny. 

Genitalia:  Male  valve  short,  obtusely  rounding.  Plates  nar- 
row appressed,  equilaterally  triangular,  their  apices  produced  as 
minute  slightly  separated  finger-like  processes  as  long  as  the 
plates  and  equalling  the  rather  broad  and  foliaceous  pygofers. 

This  species  was  described  from  a  single  male  specimen  col- 
lected in  Arizona  and  is  the  only  specimen  that  has  been  reported. 
According  to  the  original  description  this  species,  is  easily  recog- 
nized by  the  conically  pointed  head  and  distinct  genitalia. 


Chlorotettix  borealis  Sanders  &   DeLong. 

(Figs.  17:  a,  b,  c.) 
Chlorotettix  borealis  Sand.  &  DeL.,  Anns.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  10,  p.  92,  (1917). 

Resembling  C.  vividus  in  shape,  but  slightly  smaller  and  with 
distinct  genitalia.  Length,  5  mm.  Much  smaller  than  any  other 
known  northern  species. 

Vertex  obtusely  angled,  slightly  more  than  one-half  longer  on 
the  middle  than  next  the  eye,  twice  as  broad  as  long.  Anterior 
margin  of  pronotum  strongly  convex;  posterior  margin  slightly 
concave;  lateral  angles  broadly  rounded.  Elytra  smoky  hyaline. 

Color:  Resembling  C.  vividus  in  color,  more  of  a  grass  green 
than  found  in  most  species  of  the  genus.  Last  ventral  segment  of 
the  female  with  a  dark  median  stripe  from  the  apex  of  the  incision 
to  the  base  of  the  segment.  Ovipositor  dark.  Tibia  and  tarsi  of 
front  legs  brownish. 

Genitalia:  Female  last  ventral  segment  twice  as  long  as  pre- 
ceding, lateral  angles  well  rounded.  A  rather  broad  median 
notch  extending  half  way  to  the  base ;  sides  convexly  angled 
posteriorly.  Male  valve  twice  as  wide  as  long,  triangular,  with 
rounded  apex.  Plates  rather  long,  convexly  rounded  to  rather 
blunt  tips.  Hairs  mostly  on  margin  and  dorsal  surface. 

A  pair  were  swept  from  grass  in  a  clearing  at  Trout  Lake, 
Wisconsin,  September  7,  1916.  The  species  was  described  from 
these  specimens  and  no  other  records  have  been  reported.  Type 
in  the  author's  collection. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  21 

Chlorotettix  minimus  Baker. 

(Figs.  18:  a,  b.) 

Chlorotettix  minima  Bak.,  Can.  Ent.,  30,  p.  220  (1898);  V.  D..  Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat. 
Sci.,  8,  p.  71  (1907);  V.  D.,  Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  9,  p.  228  (1908);  Barber, 
Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  33,  p.  535  (1914). 

One  of  the  small  species  of  the  genus  with  a  very  bluntly 
angulate  vertex  and  distinct  genitalia.  Length,  5  mm. 

Vertex  obtusely  angulate,  slightly  but  distinctly  longer  at  the 
middle  than  next  the  eye.  Pronotum  rather  short  and  broad, 
twice  as  broad  as  long.  Face  longer  than  broad. 

Color:  Dirty  greenish  yellow  without  definite  markings.  Face 
paler,  nervures  of  elytra  rather  indistinct. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  almost  twice  as 
long  as  the  preceding;  posterior  border  with  a  deep,  very  narrow 
median  notch  extending  more  than  half-way  to  the  base,  either 
side  of  which  it  is  broadly  roundingly  emarginate  to  the  strongly 
produced  lateral  angles,  which  are  acutely  pointed  and  inflexed, 
enclosing  a  three-lobed  plate  in  the  concavity.  Pygofers  rather 
robust,  set  with  a  number  of  brown  hairs.  Male  valve  shorter 
than  preceding  segment  and  scarcely  angled  at  middle.  Plates 
rounded  basally  at  sides,  beyond  middle  becoming  suddenly 
narrow  and  parallel  sided  for  rest  of  length. 

Both  the  character  of  the  lateral  angles  and  the  depth  of  the 
median  notch  may  vary  somewhat. 

The  species  was  described  from  several  specimens  taken  at 
Chapada,  Brazil,  and  has  since  been  collected  in  Florida,  Hayti, 
Jamaica  and  Trinidad.  Type  in  Baker  collection,  U.  S.  National 
Museum. 

Although  this  species  was  cited  in  the  original  description  as 
resembling  C.  unicolor,  the  vertex  is  decidedly  subangulate,  but 
only  slightly  longer  at  the  middle  than  next  the  eye.  Because  of 
this  appearance  it  has  been  included  with  the  species  having  the 
angulate  type  of  head. 

Specimens  from  Florida  and  Jamaica  which  were  kindly  sent 
to  me  by  Mr.  VanDuzee  have  been  used  in  preparing  this 
description. 


22  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Chlorotettix  galbanatus  Van  Duzee. 

(Figs.  19:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  galbanatus  V.  D.,  Psyche,  6,  p.  310,  (1892);  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  21, 
p.  304,  (1894);  Osb.  &  Ball,  Proc.  la.  Acad.  Sci.,  4,  p.  232,  (1896);  Osb.,  Rept. 
Ohio  Acad.  Sci.,  8,  p.  68,  (1900);  Rept.  N.  Y.  Sta.  Ent.,  20,  p.  538,  (1904);  V.  D. 
Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  9,  p.  228,  (1908);  Wirtner,  Hemp.  W.  Pa.,  (Car. 
Mus.),  3,  p.  225,  (1904);  Metcalf,  Eli.  Mitch.  Sci.  Soc.,  31,  p.  26,  (1910);  Barber, 
Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  33,  p.  535,  (1914);  Osb.,  Maine  Agr.  Exper.  Sta.,  238, 
p.  143,  (1915);  DeLong,  Term.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  88,  (1916);  Sand.  &  DeL., 
Anns.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  10,  p.  92,  (1917). 

Athysanus  galbanatus  Southwick,  Sci.,  19,  p.  288,  (1892). 

Yellowish  green  in  color,  size  of  viridius,  but  with  a  more 
angulate  vertex.  Length,  6  to  6.5  mm. 

Vertex  slightly  wider  than  pronotum,  obtusely  angled,  one  and 
one-half  times  as  long  on  middle  as  next  the  eye.  Front  rather 
long  and  narrow,  cheeks  obtusely  angled  below  the  eyes,  the  edge 
straight  from  the  angle  to  the  tip  of  the  clypeus  forming  a  narrow 
margin  beyond  the  lorae.  Clypeus  broad,  slightly  widened  apically. 
Anterior  margin  of  pronotum  strongly  convex,  slightly  concave 
posteriorly. 

Color:  Pale  yellowish  green,  almost  uniform.  Elytra  hyaline, 
slightly  iridescent,  costa  green;  tergum  usually  embrowned, 
margins  yellowish.  Wings  light,  nervures  slender,  pale  brown. 
Eyes  and  tips  of  tarsi  black. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  long,  with  a 
rather  broad  Ungulate  incisure  reaching  nearly  to  the  base  and 
forming  a  broadly  rounded  lobe  on  either  side,  the  inner  angles 
of  which  may  be  either  rounded  or  more  angulate.  Pygofers 
slightly  exceeded  by  ovipositor,  apex  clothed  with  stout  bristles. 
Male  valve  a  little  longer  than  preceding  segment,  obtusely 
angled;  plates  long,  evenly,  convexly  rounded  from  the  base  to 
the  apex,  outer  margin  thickly  clothed  with  fine  hairs. 

This  species  is  one  of  the  commonest  and  most  widely  dis- 
tributed of  any  belonging  to  the  genus.  Specimens  are  at  hand 
from  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  Wisconsin,  North  Dakota, 
Montana,  Iowa,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Tennessee  and 
Louisiana.  It  has  been  collected  in  Maine  and  Maryland,  in  most 
of  the  gulf  states  and  is  distributed  throughout  the  southwest, 
extending  into  Mexico.  In  many  states  it  occurs  in  great 
abundance.  Specimens  in  the  Osborn  collection  were  compared 
with  types  in  the  Iowa  State  College  collection. 


SYNOPSIS   OF   THE   GENUS   CHLOROTETTIX  23 

Chlorotettix  vacunus  Crumb. 

(Figs.  20:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  vacuna  Crumb,  Anns.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer..  8.  p.  196,  (1915);  DeLong,  Tenn. 
State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  88,  (1916). 

Size  and  general  appearance  of  balli,  vertex  slightly  shorter 
and  genitalia  distinct.  Length  6-6.5  mm. 

Vertex  bluntly  angulate,  one-half  broader  than  long,  one- third 
longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the  eye,  margin  thick. 

Color:  Vertex,  anterior  margin  of  pronotum,  and  the  scutellum 
yellowish,  tinged  with  green;  pronotum  brownish,  elytra  sub- 
hyaline,  brownish,  front  tinged  with  orange,  venter  green. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  two  and  one-half 
times  as  long  as  preceding,  lateral  angles  prominent,  roundingly 
angled,  posterior  margin  broadly,  somewhat  convexly  excavated 
three-fourths  the  way  to  base,  the  apical  half  of  the  excavation 
straight  margined;  the  posterior  half  membranous  and  rugose. 
Male  valve  as  long  as  last  ventral  segment,  quite  narrow  and 
subangulate;  plates  broad,  three  times  the  length  of  valve,  the 
outer  margin  convexly  narrowing  to  subacute  tips. 

This  species  also  has  been  found,  as  yet,  only  in  Tennessee, 
from  which  state  it  was  described.  Both  Mr.  Crumb  and  the 
author  have  collected  a  good  series  of  this  species.  Type  in 
collection  of  Mr.  S.  E.  Crumb. 

Chlorotettix  distinctus  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  21:  a,  b.) 

Size  and  general  form  of  vacunus  (Crumb)  but  with  genitalia 
distinct.  Length,  6  mm. 

Vertex  bluntly  angulate,  almost  one-half  longer  on  the  middle 
than  next  the  eye ;  face  broad,  longer  than  wide,  clypeus  widened 
at  the  apex.  Pronotum  rather  short,  convexly  rounded  in  front, 
lateral  angles  short,  humeral  angles  broadly  rounded,  posterior 
margin  truncated.  Elytra  hyaline,  nervures  indistinct. 

Color:  Pale  yellowish  green,  resembling  galbanatus;  vertex, 
pronotum  and  scutellum  with  a  decided  green  tint,  elytra  dis- 
tinctly yellowish.  Beneath  pale,  tips  of  tarsi  dark. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  three  times  the 
length  of  preceding;  posterior  margin  deeply  and  rather  broadly 


24  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

notched  two-thirds  the  way  to  base,  sides  of  apical  half  straight, 
then  concavely  rounded  to  form  a  roundingly  angled  lobe  either 
side.  Plates  exposed  in  the  opening  of  the  notch.  Pygofers 
clothed  with  many  hairs  on  apical  half. 

Described  from  a  single  female  collected  at  Clarksville,  Ten- 
nessee, June  30,  1915,  which  is  in  good  condition  and  so  distinct 
from  any  of  the  other  species  of  the  genus  that  it  seems  best  to 
treat  it  as  new.  Type  in  author's  collection. 

Chlorotettix  balli  Osborn. 

(Figs.  22:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  balli  Osborn,  la.  Acad.  Sci.,  5,  p.  246,  (1897);  Osborn,  la.  Acad.  Sci., 
5,  p.  235,  (1897);  Osborn,  Rept.  N.  Y.  Sta.  Ent.,  20,  p.  539,  (1904);  DeLong, 
Tenn.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  87,  (1916). 

Resembling  spatulatus  in  genital  characters,  last  ventral  seg- 
ment of  female  with  spatulate  process,  but  with  a  much  longer 
vertex.  Length  7-7.25  mm. 

Vertex  one-half  longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the  eyes,  sub- 
angulate;  front  narrowing  in  almost  straight  lines  to  the  clypeus 
which  is  broader  and  shorter  than  in  spatulatus,  base  and  tip 
slightly  convex,  sides  parallel.  Pronotum  strongly  emarginate 
behind.  Elytra  hyaline,  the  veins  indistinct. 

Color:  Yellowish  green,  head  and  pronotum  usually  darker 
green,  the  tip  of  vertex,  margin  of  venter,  and  tergum  in  most 
specimens  suffused  with  ochraceous. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  long,  with  a  deep 
notch  extending  almost  to  the  base  and  including  a  spatulate 
process.  The  notch  is  deeper  and  wider  than  in  spatulatus,  and 
more  open  at  the  base  of  the  process.  The  process  is  not  enlarged 
at  the  apex,  and  reaches  only  half  way  to  the  tips  of  the  sub-acute 
lateral  margins  of  the  segment.  Male  valve  large,  longer  than  in 
spatulatus,  obtusely  angled.  Plates  narrowing  more  rapidly 
behind  the  middle,  tips  upturned,  scarcely  acute;  a  row  of 
bristles  along  the  outer  margin;  pygofers  long,  exceeding  plates, 
pointed  at  tip. 

Specimens  are  at  hand  from  Ohio,  Iowa  and  Tennessee.  The 
species  has  also  been  reported  from  New  York.  The  type  spec- 
imens in  the  collection  of  Dr.  Herbert  Osborn  have  been  examined. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS   CHLOROTETTIX  25 

Chlorotettix  iridescens  DeLong. 

(Figs.  23:  a,  b.) 
Chlorotettix  iridescens  DeLong,  Term.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  86,  (1916). 

Resembling  lusorius  in  general  appearance,  but  with  vertex 
shorter,  greenish  brown,  iridescent.  Length,  7  mm. 

Vertex  one-third  longer  on  the  middle  than  next  the  eye,  more 
than  twice  wider  than  long.  Front  rather  long,  broad  between 
eyes,  margins  gradually,  convexly  narrowing  to  the  basal  third  of 
the  clypeus,  then  widened  somewhat  abruptly  to  a  broadened 
apex.  Pronotum  twice  as  long  as  vertex,  broadly,  shallowly 
emarginate  posteriorly. 

Color:  General  color  resembling  lusorius  with  a  red  tinge. 
Brownish,  slightly  tinged  with  green,  vertex  more  yellowish,  ocelli 
green,  eyes  black;  front  dirty  yellow,  shading  to  brown  above. 
Elytra  brownish,  subhy aline,  highly  iridescent,  nervures  pale. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  twice  as  long  as 
preceding,  broadly,  deeply  excavated  to  base,  the  sides  of  which 
are  concave,  becoming  slightly  convex  near  the  apex  of  the 
notch,  and  forming  long,  rather  sharply  rounded  lateral  angles. 
Base  of  ovipositor  and  plates  exposed  at  base  of  notch.  Pygofers 
almost  as  long  as  ovipositor,  posterior  half  clothed  with  brown 
hairs,  a  large  tuft  at  tips  either  side  of  ovipositor. 

Only  recorded  for  Tennessee  from  which  state  it  was  described 
by  the  author  from  a  single  female  specimen.  Another  specimen 
agreeing  exactly  with  the  type  was  collected  from  hickory  during 
the  summer  of  1917  by  Mr.  Paul  Wyatt  at  Clarksville,  Tennessee. 
Type  in  the  author's  collection. 

Chlorotettix  tunicatus  Ball. 

(Figs.  24:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  tunicata  Ball,  Can.  Ent..  32,  p.  340,  (1900);  V.  D.,  Bull.  Buff.  Soc.  Nat. 
Sci.,  9,  p.  228  (1908);  Barber,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  33,  p.  535  (1914); 
DeLong,  Term.  State  Ent.  Bull.,  17,  p.  87,  (1916). 

Form  and  general  appearance  of  balli,  vertex  as  in  galbanatus. 
Length,  7  mm.;  width,  1.25  mm. 

Vertex  half  longer  on  middle  than  against  the  eye,  twice  wider 
than  long,  disc  convex,  front  and  vertex  evenly  rounded  except 
at  apex,  which  is  slightly  conical. 


26  SYNOPSIS    OF    THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Color:  Pale  yellowish  green,  elytra  greenish  subhyaline.  In 
old  specimens  there  is  often  a  distinct  yellow  tint. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  female  half  longer  than 
preceding,  lateral  angles  rounding,  posterior  border  roundingly 
emarginate,  one-third  the  depth  of  the  segment,  sometimes 
slightly  notched  in  the  middle,  either  side  of  which  there  is  a 
brown  cloud.  Male  valve  broad,  slightly  longer  than  the  ultimate 
segment,  obtusely  angulate;  plates  broad  at  base,  roundingly 
narrowing  to  a  very  obtuse,  almost  truncate,  apex,  together  the 
shape  of  a  blunt  pointed  spoon,  convex  below  with  a  marginal 
fringe  of  coarse  spines. 

Easily  separated  from  any  of  the  other  species  of  the  genus 
by  the  male  plates.  The  specimens  from  which  the  species  was 
described  were  collected  in  Kansas.  Records  show  it  has  been 
taken  in  Florida,  Tennessee,  Arkansas,  Louisiana,  North  Carolina, 
Texas  and  Missouri.  The  species  is  no  doubt  rather  widely  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  south  and  middle  west.  Type  in 
collection  of  Dr.  E.  D.  Ball. 

Chlorotettix  stolatus  Ball. 

(Figs.  25:  a,  b.) 
Chlorotettix  stolata  Ball,  Can.  Ent.,  32,  p.  341,  (1900). 

Form  and  general  appearance  of  lusorius  slightly  narrower  and 
without  the  mark  on  the  vertex.  Length,  7-8  mm.;  width,  1.5 
mm.  Male  slightly  smaller. 

Vertex  nearly  flat  on  disc,  rounding  anteriorly,  one-third 
longer  on  middle  than  against  eye,  twice  wider  than  long,  front 
convex,  line  between  vertex  and  front  distinct,  ocelli  prominent, 
transparent,  distant  from  eyes;  elytra  long  and  very  narrow, 
venation  as  in  lusorius,  indistinct. 

Color:  Vertex  pale  yellow,  sometimes  with  a  greenish  cast, 
pronotum  olive,  the  disc  with  a  fulvous  cast;  elytra  hyaline 
green,  with  an  iridescent  fulvous  tinge. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  very  long, 
truncate  posteriorly  or  very  slightly  emarginate,  the  center  with 
a  brown  mark.  Male  valve  as  long  as  the  last  ventral  segment, 
the  apex  rounding,  the  margin  notched  at  the  middle,  plates 
rather  narrow  at  base,  rapidly  roundingly  narrowing  to  before  the 
middle,  then  extending  as  long  attenuate  finger-like  points. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE   GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  27 

The  genitalia  of  both  male  and  female  are  very  much  like  those 
of  unicolor,  while  in  shape  of  head  and  general  appearance  it  is 
closely  allied  to  lusorius  and  nudatus. 

The  species  was  described  from  specimens  collected  in  Moun- 
tain Valley,  Colorado,  and  has  not  been  recorded  for  other  local- 
ities. The  only  specimen  I  have  seen,  and  which  I  have  had  at 
hand  in  the  preparation  of  this  paper,  is  the  type  from  Dr.  Ball's 
collection. 


Chlorotettix  nudatus  Ball. 

(Figs.  26:  a,  b,  c.) 

Chlorotettix  nudata  Ball,  Can.  Ent.,  32,  p.  340  (1900);  DeLong,  Term.  State  Ent., 
Bull.,  17,  p.  84,  (1916). 

Resembling  stolatus  in  form  and  color ;  the  vertex  is  more  angled 
and  the  fulvous  reflection  less  prominent.  Length,  7.5  mm., 
width  nearly  2  mm. 

Vertex  twice  longer  on  middle  than  against  eye,  slightly  con- 
ically  pointed,  front  shaped  as  in  lusorius,  lorae  long  and  narrow. 
Elytra  long,  slightly  flaring  in  the  middle,  appressed  behind. 

Color:  Pale  green,  an  orange  cast  on  face  and  vertex,  a  slightly 
brownish  or  fulvous  cast  on  pronotum  and  elytra;  elytra  sub- 
hyaline,  the  nervures  indistinct. 

Genitalia:  Last  ventral  segment  of  the  female  short,  about  as 
long  as  the  preceding  segment ;  posterior  margin  distinctly  darker 
margined  and  divided  into  four  lobes  by  a  narrow  slit  in  the 
middle  and  a  pair  of  broad,  shallow  notches  a  little  more  than 
half  way  towards  the  sides;  the  margin  thin,  the  plates  visible  at 
the  base  of  the  pygofers.  Male  valve  narrow,  roundingly  angulate, 
as  long  as  the  preceding  segment;  plates  broad  at  base,  three 
times  the  length  of  the  valve,  gradually  narrowing  to  the  acute, 
slightly  produced  tips. 

The  species  has  only  been  reported  for  Iowa  and  Tennessee, 
and  was  described  from  specimens  collected  in  the  former  state. 
It  is  probable  the  species  has  a  wider  distribution  than  these 
records  would  seem  to  indicate.  Type  in  collection  of  Dr.  Ball. 


28  SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX 

Chlorotettix  emarginatus  Baker. 

Chlorotettix  emarginata  Bale.,  Can.  Ent.,  30,  p.  219,  (1898). 

The  original  description  as  given  by  Baker  is  as  follows: 

"Length  6.25-6.5  mm.  Vertex  blunter  than  in  unicolor;  color 
the  same.  Valve  in  male  triangular  and  about  the  length  of  pre- 
ceding segment.  Plates  about  equaling  pygofers,  rounded  at  tips, 
but  little  wider  towards  the  base,  where  each  plate  is  suddenly 
depressed,  giving  the  whole  the  appearance,  as  view  from  below, 
of  being  strongly  constricted.  Last  ventral  segment  of  female 
with  lateral  angles  strongly  produced  backwards  on  either  side  of 
a  broad,  deep,  rectangular  emargination,  the  bottom  of  which  is 
sinuate.  Ovipositor  equaling  pygofers.  Ocelli  approximating 
eyes." 

The  species  was  described  from  the  specimens  collected  at 
Vera  Cruz,  Mexico.  This  is  the  only  published  record  of  this 
species. 

Resembles  unicolor,  Fh.,  but  is  slightly  larger  and  differs 
widely  in  the  form  of  the  genitalia,  both  male  and  female.  Type 
in  Baker  collection,  U.  S.  National  Museum. 

Chlorotettix  breviceps  Baker. 

Chlorotettix  breviceps  Bale.,  Can.  Ent.,  30,  p.  220,  (1898). 

According  to  the  original  description  the  species  is  nearest 
viridius,  but  the  vertex  is  shorter,  the  ocelli  smaller,  further  from 
the  eyes  and  the  color  different.  This  insect  has  somewhat  the 
aspect  of  an  Idiocerus. 

"Length,  6.25  mm.  Vertex  not  longer  at  middle  than  at  eyes. 
Ocelli  black,  scarcely  further  than  their  width  from  the  eyes. 
Color  throughout  pale  brownish;  two  longitudinal  whitish  lines 
on  scutel.  Last  ventral  segment  twice  the  length  of  preceding, 
hind  margin  very  broadly,  slightly  notched.  Ovipositor  about 
equaling  pygofers." 

The  species  was  described  from  two  females  taken  at  Chapada, 
Brazil.  This  is  the  only  known  record  for  the  species  and  it  has 
never  been  reported  for  North  America.  Type  in  Baker  collection, 
U.  S.  National  Museum. 


SYNOPSIS    OF   THE    GENUS    CHLOROTETTIX  29 

Chlorotettix  tethys  Van  Duzee. 

Chlorotettix  tethys  V.  D.,  Bull.  Buff.'Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  8,  p.  71,  (1907). 

Not  having  seen  specimens  of  this  species,  I  am  quoting  the 
original  description. 

"Form  of  lusoria  but  much  smaller.    Length,  4—4.5  mm. 

"Vertex  subangularly  produced,  clypeus  broad,  of  equal  width 
throughout,  sides  rectilinear,  cheeks  narrow,  feebly  angled  beneath 
the  eyes,  forming  a  narrow  margin  around  the  lorae.  Pronotum 
with  a  rather  pronounced  callous  parallel  to  the  anterior  margin, 
the  disc  behind  this  distinctly  transversely  striate.  Last  ventral 
segment  of  the  female  moderately  long,  with  the  outer  angles 
rounded  and  a  little  prominent,  leaving  a  shallow  medium  sinus 
on  which  rests  a  brownish  cloud. 

' '  Color:  Pale  greenish  luteous,  more  or  less  tinged  with  fulvous ; 
the  commissural  margin  at  apex  and  some  vague  marks  along  the 
base  of  the  apical  areoles,  faintly  smoky.  Disc  of  each  elytron 
with  two  small  brown  specks,  one  placed  just  beyond  the  trans- 
verse nervure  near  the  base  of  the  corium,  and  a  smaller  one 
before  this  lying  against  the  claval  suture;  elytral  nervures  pale; 
eyes,  tip  of  rostrum,  tarsal  claws  and  sides  of  the  oviduct,  black- 
ish. In  one  example  the  anterior  submargin  of  the  pronotum 
shows  a  sinuated  darker  vitta  similar  to  that  seen  in  certain 
species  of  Cicadula,  and  the  basal  angles  of  the  scutellum  may  be 
darker." 

The  species  was  described  from  specimens  collected  in  Jamaica, 
the  only  locality  from  which  it  has  been  recorded,  and  is  apparently 
closely  allied  to  minimus  Baker. 


PLATE  I. 


72  a,  curr/tldis 


D.  M.  DeLong 


PLATE  II. 


.491481 


OTHER  SERIES  PUBLISHED  BY  THE 
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CONTRIBUTIONS  FROM  THE  BOTANICAL  LABORATORY,  Numbers  1-100. 

CONTRIBUTIONS  FROM  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  ZOOLOGY  AND  ENTOMOLOGY, 

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GEOLOGICAL  SERIES,  Numbers  1-6. 
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OHIO  MYCOLOGICAL  BULLETINS,  Numbers  1-56. 
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THE  OHIO  HISTORY  TEACHERS'  JOURNAL,  Numbers  1-12. 


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